This commit adds support for theme composition and inheritance in Hugo.
With this, it helps thinking about a theme as a set of ordered components:
```toml
theme = ["my-shortcodes", "base-theme", "hyde"]
```
The theme definition example above in `config.toml` creates a theme with the 3 components with presedence from left to right.
So, Hugo will, for any given file, data entry etc., look first in the project, and then in `my-shortcode`, `base-theme` and lastly `hyde`.
Hugo uses two different algorithms to merge the filesystems, depending on the file type:
* For `i18n` and `data` files, Hugo merges deeply using the translation id and data key inside the files.
* For `static`, `layouts` (templates) and `archetypes` files, these are merged on file level. So the left-most file will be chosen.
The name used in the `theme` definition above must match a folder in `/your-site/themes`, e.g. `/your-site/themes/my-shortcodes`. There are plans to improve on this and get a URL scheme so this can be resolved automatically.
Also note that a component that is part of a theme can have its own configuration file, e.g. `config.toml`. There are currently some restrictions to what a theme component can configure:
* `params` (global and per language)
* `menu` (global and per language)
* `outputformats` and `mediatypes`
The same rules apply here: The left-most param/menu etc. with the same ID will win. There are some hidden and experimental namespace support in the above, which we will work to improve in the future, but theme authors are encouraged to create their own namespaces to avoid naming conflicts.
A final note: Themes/components can also have a `theme` definition in their `config.toml` and similar, which is the "inheritance" part of this commit's title. This is currently not supported by the Hugo theme site. We will have to wait for some "auto dependency" feature to be implemented for that to happen, but this can be a powerful feature if you want to create your own theme-variant based on others.
Fixes#4460Fixes#4450
A sample config:
```toml
defaultContentLanguage = "en"
defaultContentLanguageInSubdir = true
[Languages]
[Languages.en]
weight = 10
title = "In English"
languageName = "English"
contentDir = "content/english"
[Languages.nn]
weight = 20
title = "På Norsk"
languageName = "Norsk"
contentDir = "content/norwegian"
```
The value of `contentDir` can be any valid path, even absolute path references. The only restriction is that the content dirs cannot overlap.
The content files will be assigned a language by
1. The placement: `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` will be read as Norwegian content.
2. The filename: `content/english/post/my-post.nn.md` will be read as Norwegian even if it lives in the English content folder.
The content directories will be merged into a big virtual filesystem with one simple rule: The most specific language file will win.
This means that if both `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` and `content/english/post/my-post.nn.md` exists, they will be considered duplicates and the version inside `content/norwegian` will win.
Note that translations will be automatically assigned by Hugo by the content file's relative placement, so `content/norwegian/post/my-post.md` will be a translation of `content/english/post/my-post.md`.
If this does not work for you, you can connect the translations together by setting a `translationKey` in the content files' front matter.
Fixes#4523Fixes#4552Fixes#4553
The validation of if we could process the image (resize etc.) was moved up in Hugo 0.37, which meant SVG and other "non-processable" images would fail.
This commit fixes that by creating a regular resource for these image formats. They will not have `.Resize` or any of the other image methods.
Fixes#4455
This is less surprising and more flexible than the original implementation.
Given:
```toml
[[resources]]
src = "documents/photo_specs.pdf"
title = "Photo Specifications"
[[resources]]
src = "**.pdf"
name = "pdf-file-:counter"
```
Every `pdf` in the bundle will have an unique counter, but the `photo_specs.pdf` is still allowed to have its specific `title`.
If you change the above example to:
```toml
[[resources]]
src = "documents/*specs.pdf"
title = "Photo Specifications #:conter"
[[resources]]
src = "**.pdf"
name = "pdf-file-:counter"
```
We are talking about two different groups of documents, each with its own counters starting at 1.
Fixes#4335
This allows setting default params values in the more general resource matchers. I also allows override with more specific values if needed.
```toml
[[resources]]
src = "documents/photo_specs.pdf"
title = "Photo Specifications"
[resources.params]
ref = 90564687
icon = "photo"
[[resources]]
src = "documents/guide.pdf"
title = "Instruction Guide"
[resources.params]
ref = 90564568
[[resources]]
src = "documents/checklist.pdf"
title = "Document Checklist"
[resources.params]
ref = 90564572
[[resources]]
src = "documents/payment.docx"
title = "Proof of Payment"
[[resources]]
src = "documents/*.pdf"
title = "PDF file"
[resources.params]
icon = "pdf"
[[resources]]
src = "documents/*.docx"
title = "Word document"
[resources.params]
icon = "word"
```
In the above `TOML` example, `photo_specs.pdf` will get the `photo` icon, the other pdf files will get the default `pdf` icon.
Note that in the example above, the order matters: It will take the first value for a given params key, title or name that it finds.
Fixes#4315
These methods takes a glob pattern as argument:
* by default matching from the bundle root
* matching is case insensitive and the separator is Unix style slashes: "/"
* the bundle root does (by default) not start with a leading slash
* if you renames the `Name` for the rsource in front matter (`src=...`), then that is the value used in `Match`.
* double asterisk matches beyond directory borders, so "**.jpg" will match any JPEG image in the bundle
See https://github.com/gobwas/glob
This commit also deprecates `ByPrefix` and `GetByPrefix`.
This should also be more effective, given a fair amount of reuse of the glob patterns:
```bash
BenchmarkResourcesByPrefix-4 300000 4284 ns/op 1130 B/op 7 allocs/op
BenchmarkResourcesMatch-4 300000 5220 ns/op 505 B/op 3 allocs/op
```
Fixes#4301
This commit expands the Resource interface with 3 new methods:
* Name
* Title
* Params
All of these can be set in the Page front matter. `Name` will get its default value from the base filename, and is the value used in the ByPrefix and GetByPrefix lookup methods.
Fixes#4244
But only a set of byte chunks spread around in the image file to calculate the fingerprint, which is much faster than reading the whole file:
```bash
BenchmarkMD5FromFileFast/full=false-4 300000 4356 ns/op 240 B/op 5 allocs/op
BenchmarkMD5FromFileFast/full=true-4 30000 42899 ns/op 32944 B/op 5 allocs/op
```
Fixes#4186
This commit is not the smallest in Hugo's history.
Some hightlights include:
* Page bundles (for complete articles, keeping images and content together etc.).
* Bundled images can be processed in as many versions/sizes as you need with the three methods `Resize`, `Fill` and `Fit`.
* Processed images are cached inside `resources/_gen/images` (default) in your project.
* Symbolic links (both files and dirs) are now allowed anywhere inside /content
* A new table based build summary
* The "Total in nn ms" now reports the total including the handling of the files inside /static. So if it now reports more than you're used to, it is just **more real** and probably faster than before (see below).
A site building benchmark run compared to `v0.31.1` shows that this should be slightly faster and use less memory:
```bash
▶ ./benchSite.sh "TOML,num_langs=.*,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=(500|1000),tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render"
benchmark old ns/op new ns/op delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 101785785 78067944 -23.30%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 185481057 149159919 -19.58%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 103149918 85679409 -16.94%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 203515478 169208775 -16.86%
benchmark old allocs new allocs delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 532464 391539 -26.47%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 1056549 772702 -26.87%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 555974 406630 -26.86%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 1086545 789922 -27.30%
benchmark old bytes new bytes delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 53243246 43598155 -18.12%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 105811617 86087116 -18.64%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 54558852 44545097 -18.35%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 106903858 86978413 -18.64%
```
Fixes#3651Closes#3158Fixes#1014Closes#2021Fixes#1240
Updates #3757
